what-is-computer-in-English? Hardware-software

Computer hardware is the collection of physical parts of a computer system. This includes the computer case, monitor, keyboard, and mouse. It also includes all the parts inside the computer case, such as the hard disk drive, motherboard, video card, and many others. Computer hardware is what you can physically touch.

Definitions 

A computer system consists of two major elements: hardware and software. Computer hardware is the collection of all the parts you can physically touch. Computer software, on the other hand, is not something you can touch. Software is a set of instructions for a computer to perform specific operations. You need both hardware and software for a computer system to work.

Some hardware components are easy to recognize, such as the computer case, keyboard, and monitor. However, there are many different types of hardware components. In this lesson, you will learn how to recognize the different components and what they do.

Types of Computers 

Before looking at the various components, it is useful to distinguish between two different types of computers: desktop computers and laptop computers. A desktop computer consists of a computer case and a separate monitor, keyboard, and mouse. As the name suggests, this type of computer is typically placed on a desk and is not very portable.

A laptop computer has the same components but integrated into a single, portable unit.

While these two types of computers look quite different, they have the same general hardware components.

                                                              

Hardware Components

Let's start with the computer case. This is the metal enclosure that contains many of the other hardware components. It comes in various shapes and sizes, but a typical tower model is between 15-25 

   inches high. Want to know what's inside? Okay, go get a screwdriver and let's open it up. Seriously, if you are really into computers, the best way to learn is to actually get hands-on. To save us some time, however, have a look at this desktop computer case. A computer enthusiast replaced the metal side panel with a transparent one, so we can have a look inside.

Although that photo looks pretty cool, it is a bit hard to recognize the individual components, especially with all the connecting wires running through it. This figure shows a more schematic version of a desktop computer, which makes it easier to point out the essential hardware components.

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Software Components 

A software or computer software essentially a type of programs which enable the users to perform some particular specific task or actually used to operate their computer. It essentially directs all of the peripheral devices on the entire computer system- what exactly to do and how exactly to perform a task. A software plays a key role of a mediator between the user and the computer hardware. In the absence of software, a user essentially can’t perform any task on a computer.

Generally, there are two main classifications of software, which are namely, System Software along with the Application Software. Let’s discuss them.

1. System Software

In case of a system software, it helps the user as well as the hardware to function and even interact with each other easily. Essentially, it is a software which is used to manage the behaviour of the computer hardware in order to offer basic functionalities which are needed by the user. In simpler word, it can be said that system software is essentially an intermediator or even a middle layer between the user as well as the hardware.

Few of the common system software examples are:
a. Operating System

➡Example for Operating System 
1.MS Windows,2.MacOS,3.Linux,4.iOS,5.Android...

b. Device Drivers
➡Example for Device Drivers

1.BIOS Driver, 2.Motherboard Drivers, 3.Display Drivers, 4.ROM Drivers, 5.Printer Drivers

2. Application Software 

They are also popularly known as end-user programs or even productivity programs which assist the user in completing various tasks like conducting online research, making notes, designing graphics, maintaining accounts, carrying out calculations or even playing computer games. They essentially lie above the system software. They are actually used by the end-user as well as have specific functionality or tasks which they are designed to perform.

 Some of them are:

a. Word Processors

➡For Example:

MS Word  Apple iWork-Pages Corel WordPerfect Google Docs 
b. Database Software

➡For Example:

1.MS Access,2.FileMakerd,3.Base,4.Clipper....

c. Multimedia Software
➡For Example:

1.Adobe Photoshop, 2.Picasa, 3.VLC Media Player, 4.Windows Media Player
d. Web Browsers

➡For Example:

1.Google,2.Chrome,3.Mozilla Firefox,4.Internet Explorer,5.Opera.......

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